Textile and Fashion

Types of Textile Fibers: A Overview of Natural, Animal, and Synthetic Fibers

1. Plant-Based Fibers 

Natural fibers derived from plants. 

  1. Cotton (CO) 

    • Soft, breathable, and widely used in clothing and home textiles. 
    • Versatile, biodegradable, and easily processed. 
  2. Linen (LI) 

    • Lightweight, breathable, and has natural antibacterial properties. 
    • Ideal for summer garments. 
  3. Hemp (HE) 

    • Strong and durable, often used in textiles and eco-friendly fashion. 
    • Resistant to UV light and mold. 
  4. Ramie (RA) 

    • Strong and resistant to mildew. 
    • Known for its silky appearance and durability, used in household fabrics and ropes. 
  5. Jute (JU) 

    • Coarse and biodegradable. 
    • Used for ropes, sacks, and mats, often known for its sustainability. 
  6. Sisal (SI) 

    • Derived from the agave plant. 
    • Coarse and strong, used in ropes, mats, and packaging. 
  7. Coir (COI)

    • Water-resistant and coarse.
    • Made from coconut husks, used for mats, brushes, and ropes. 
  8. Bamboo (BA)

    • Regenerated into soft, eco-friendly fibers. 
    • Antimicrobial and moisture-wicking, used in activewear and bedding. 
  9. Pineapple Fiber (PI) 

    • Delicate and traditional, especially used in the Philippines. 
    • Often used for luxurious garments like the Filipino barong. 
  10. Banana Fiber (BN) 

    • Derived from banana plants. 
    • Strong, lightweight, and used in eco-friendly textiles and crafts. 
  11. Lotus Fiber (LO) 

    • Rare fiber harvested from lotus stems. 
    • Labor-intensive production, used in luxury fabrics. 
  12. Kenaf (KE) 

    • Strong, used in ropes, sacks, and paper products. 
    • A fiber from the hibiscus plant. 
  13. Soy Silk (SO) 

    • Biodegradable, eco-friendly fiber derived from soybeans. 
    • Soft and lightweight, used in scarves and garments. 
  14. Chia Fiber (CH) 

    • Emerging fiber from chia plants. 
    • Known for sustainability and biodegradability. 
  15. Coconut Husk Fiber (COH) 

    • Strong, water-resistant, and used for industrial textiles.
    • Made from coconut husks, ideal for ropes and mats. 
  16. Poppy Fiber (PO) 

    • Lesser-known fiber derived from poppy plants. 
    • Used for industrial textiles. 
  17. Water Hyacinth (WHY) 

    • Used in making woven items like mats and baskets. 
    • Fiber comes from an aquatic plant, ideal for eco-friendly products. 
  18. Agave Fiber (AG) 

    • Similar to hemp, used for ropes and industrial textiles. 
    • Sustainable and strong. 
  19. Cotton Linters (CL) 

    • A by-product of cotton processing. 
    • Used for high-quality paper products and textiles. 
  20. Lyocell (CLY) (TN for Tencel) 

    • Biodegradable fiber made from wood pulp. 
    • Known for softness and sustainability, used in eco-friendly fabrics. 
  21. Silk Tree (ST) 

    • Derived from the seed pods of the silk tree. 
    • Light and lustrous, used in niche textiles for clothing and decor. 
  22. Bast Fibers (BF) 

    • Derived from the inner bark of plants like flax, hemp, and jute. 
    • Commonly used in ropes, twine, and textiles. 

2. Animal-Based Fibers 

Fibers derived from the hair, fur, or silk of animals. 

  1. Wool (WO) 

    • Known for its warmth and breathability. 
    • Used in garments, blankets, and upholstery. 
  2. Silk (SE) 

    • Luxurious, smooth, and shiny. 
    • Used in high-end textiles and garments. 
  3. Cashmere (WS) 

    • Extremely soft and warm. 
    • Derived from goats, used in luxury clothing. 
  4. Mohair (WM) 

    • Strong, soft, and glossy. 
    • Used in fashion and home textiles. 
  5. Alpaca (WP) 

    • Soft, lightweight, and hypoallergenic. 
    • Used for warm garments and textiles. 
  6. Llama (WL) 

    • Similar to alpaca, used for warm textiles in cold climates. 
    • Coarser than alpaca but used for woven textiles. 
  7. Vicuna (WG) 

    • Extremely soft, warm, and rare. 
    • Known for being one of the finest natural fibers, used in luxury garments. 
  8. Camel Hair (WK) 

    • Soft and insulating. 
    • Used in outerwear and blankets. 
  9. Angora (WA) 

    • Extremely soft and fluffy. 
    • Sourced from Angora rabbits, used for luxury knitwear. 
  10. Qiviut (QIV) 

    • Soft, warm, and rare. 
    • Sourced from the muskox, used in luxury garments. 
  11. Yak (WY) 

    • Similar to cashmere, soft and insulating. 
    • Used for warm textiles in cold climates. 
  12. Bison (BI) 

    • Used in garments and blankets. 
    • Known for warmth and durability. 
  13. Rabbit Fur (WN) 

    • Soft and light. 
    • Used in high-end fashion, especially in coats and trims. 
  14. Beaver Fur (BF) 

    • Dense and water-resistant. 
    • Used in high-quality fur garments. 
  15. Bear Fur (BE) 

    • Rare, used in luxury fashion. 
    • Often used for outerwear like coats. 
  16. Fox Fur (FO) 

    • Soft, warm, and vibrant. 
    • Used in luxury fashion, particularly in coats and accessories. 
  17. Mink Fur (MK) 

    • Renowned for its smooth texture. 
    • Used in high-end luxury fashion, especially coats and trims. 
  18. Seal Fur (SF) 

    • Known for warmth. 
    • Used in high-end fashion and outerwear. 
  19. Otter Fur (OF) 

    • Dense and soft. 
    • Used in luxury fashion, particularly in coats and trim. 

3. Synthetic Fibers

Man-made fibers from petrochemical sources, designed for specific properties. 

  1. Polyester (PES) 

    • Widely used, known for durability and wrinkle resistance. 
    • Used in a wide variety of products from casual wear to home furnishings. 
  2. Nylon (PA) 

    • Strong, elastic, used in activewear and industrial applications. 
    • Versatile, found in socks, parachutes, and ropes. 
  3. Acrylic (ACR) 

    • Lightweight, inexpensive. 
    • Used in sweaters, blankets, and upholstery. 
  4. Polypropylene (PP) 

    • Resistant to moisture and stains. 
    • Used in activewear, carpeting, and packaging. 
  5. Spandex (Lycra, Elastane) (SPX) 

    • Highly elastic, used in stretch fabrics. 
    • Found in activewear, swimwear, and leggings. 
  6. Polyurethane (PU) 

    • Used for synthetic leather, coatings, and foams. 
    • Common in faux leather products and waterproof coatings. 
  7. Aramid (e.g., Kevlar) (AR) 

    • Extremely strong and heat-resistant. 
    • Used in protective clothing, bulletproof vests, and safety applications. 
  8. Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) 

    • Used in water-soluble fabrics. 
    • Common in specialized fibers, such as temporary fabrics and medical bandages. 
  9. Polyester Spandex Blends (PES-SPX) 

    • Combining polyester's durability with spandex's stretch. 
    • Used in activewear and performance fabrics. 
  10. Modacrylic (MAC) 

    • Flame-resistant. 
    • Used in safety and protective clothing. 
  11. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) 

    • Used in waterproof textiles. 
    • Common in rainwear and industrial gear. 
  12. Vinyon (VYN) 

    • Used in industrial textiles and insulation. 
    • Resistant to chemicals and used in specialized applications. 
  13. Polyamide 6,6 (PA 6,6) 

    • Strong and heat-resistant. 
    • Common in automotive and industrial applications. 
  14. Polyamide 6 (PA 6) 

    • Similar to PA 6,6 with slightly different properties. 
    • Used in flexible textiles and industrial products. 
  15. Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) 

    • Highly durable and resistant. 
    • Used in textiles and engineering applications. 
  16. Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPE) 

    • Combinations of rubber and plastic. 
    • Used in stretchable textiles like sportswear. 
  17. Polytrimethylene Terephthalate (PTT) 

    • Biodegradable polyester. 
    • Used in high-performance fabrics and textiles. 
  18. Fluoropolymer Fibers (FP) 

    • Known for chemical resistance. 
    • Used in specialty fabrics requiring durability in harsh environments. 
  19. Carbon Fiber (CF) 

    • Extremely strong and lightweight. 
    • Used in aerospace, automotive, and sports equipment. 
  20. Glass Fiber (GF) 

    • Strong, durable, and resistant to heat and chemicals. 
    • Common in construction and insulation materials. 

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